title stringlengths 1 261 | section stringlengths 0 15.6k | text stringlengths 0 145k |
|---|---|---|
Alabama | Industry | Industry
Alabama's industrial outputs include iron and steel products (including cast-iron and steel pipe); paper, lumber, and wood products; mining (mostly coal); plastic products; cars and trucks; and apparel. In addition, Alabama produces aerospace and electronic products, mostly in the Huntsville area, the locati... |
Alabama | Tourism and entertainment | Tourism and entertainment
thumb|Alabama's beaches are one of the state's major tourist destinations.
According to Business Insider, Alabama ranked 14th in most popular states to visit in 2014. An estimated 26 million tourists visited the state in 2017 and spent $14.3 billion, providing directly or indirectly 186,900... |
Alabama | Healthcare | Healthcare
UAB Hospital, USA Health University Hospital, Huntsville Hospital, and Children's Hospital of Alabama are the only LevelI trauma centers in Alabama. UAB is the largest state government employer in Alabama, with a workforce of about 18,000. A 2017 study found that Alabama had the least competitive health in... |
Alabama | Banking | Banking
thumb|Regions-Harbert Plaza, Regions Center, and Wells Fargo Tower in Birmingham's financial district
Regions Financial Corporation is the largest bank headquartered in or operating in Alabama. PNC Financial Services and Wells Fargo also have a major presence in Alabama.
Wells Fargo has a regional headquart... |
Alabama | Electronics and communications | Electronics and communications
Telecommunications provider AT&T, formerly BellSouth, has a major presence in Alabama with several large offices in Birmingham.
Many technology companies are headquartered in Huntsville, such as ADTRAN, a network access company; Intergraph, a computer graphics company; and Avocent, an ... |
Alabama | Construction | Construction
Brasfield & Gorrie, BE&K, Hoar Construction, and B.L. Harbert International, based in Alabama and subsidiaries of URS Corporation, are all routinely are included in the Engineering News-Record lists of top design, international construction, and engineering firms. |
Alabama | Law and government | Law and government |
Alabama | State government | State government
thumb|The State Capitol Building in Montgomery, completed in 1851
The foundational document for Alabama's government is the Alabama Constitution, the current one having been adopted in 2022. The former Alabama constitution adopted in 1901 was, with over 850 amendments and almost 87,000 words, by so... |
Alabama | Taxes | Taxes
Taxes are collected by the Alabama Department of Revenue. Alabama levies a 2%, 4%, or5% personal income tax, depending on the amount earned and filing status. Taxpayers are allowed to deduct their federal income tax from their Alabama state tax, even if taking the standard deduction; those who itemize can also ... |
Alabama | County and local governments | County and local governments
Alabama has 67 counties. Each county has its own elected legislative branch, usually called the county commission. It also has limited executive authority in the county. Because of the constraints of the Alabama Constitution, which centralizes power in the state legislature, only seven c... |
Alabama | Politics | Politics
During Reconstruction following the American Civil War, Alabama was occupied by federal troops of the Third Military District under General John Pope. In 1874, the political coalition of white Democrats known as the Redeemers took control of the state government from the Republicans, in part by suppressing t... |
Alabama | Elections | Elections
thumb|Senator Doug Jones won a special election in 2017. |
Alabama | State elections | State elections
With the disfranchisement of Blacks in 1901, the state became part of the "Solid South", a system in which the Democratic Party operated as effectively the only viable political party in every Southern state. For nearly a hundred years local and state elections in Alabama were decided in the Democrati... |
Alabama | Local elections | Local elections
Many metropolitan and suburban counties have voters who are majority Democrats, resulting in local elections being decided in the Democratic primary. Similarly, most rural counties are majority-Republican and elections are effectively decided in the Republican Primary. However, since local governments... |
Alabama | Federal elections | Federal elections
The state's two U.S. senators are Katie Britt and Tommy Tuberville, both of whom are Republican. In the U.S. House of Representatives, the state is represented by seven members, five of whom are Republicans (Mike Rogers, Robert Aderholt, Dale Strong, Barry Moore, and Gary Palmer) and two Democrats (... |
Alabama | Education | Education |
Alabama | Primary and secondary education | Primary and secondary education
thumb|right|Vestavia Hills High School in the suburbs of Birmingham
Public primary and secondary education in Alabama is under the purview of the Alabama State Board of Education as well as local oversight by 67 county school boards and 60 city boards of education. Together, 1,496 ind... |
Alabama | Colleges and universities | Colleges and universities
thumb|left|Harrison Plaza at the University of North Alabama in Florence. The school was chartered as LaGrange College by the Alabama Legislature in 1830.
Alabama's programs of higher education include 14 four-year public universities, two-year community colleges, and 17 private, undergrad... |
Alabama | Media | Media
Major newspapers include Birmingham News, Mobile Press-Register, and Montgomery Advertiser.
Major television network affiliates in Alabama include:
ABC
WGWW 40.2 ABC, Anniston
WBMA 58/WABM 68.2 ABC, Birmingham
WDHN 18 ABC, Dothan
WAAY 31 ABC, Huntsville
WEAR 3 ABC Pensacola, Florida/Mobile
WNCF 32 ABC... |
Alabama | Culture | Culture |
Alabama | Literature | Literature
Alabama literature is characterized by themes of race and issues of gender and war, and is influenced by events such as the American Civil War, the Reconstruction era, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Vietnam War. Some notable examples of Alabama literature include Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird, Wi... |
Alabama | Sports | Sports
thumb|right|Bryant–Denny Stadium at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa
thumb|Regions Field in Birmingham
thumb|Von Braun Center in Huntsville
thumb|Birmingham–Jefferson Convention Complex in Birmingham |
Alabama | Professional sports | Professional sports
Alabama has several professional and semi-professional sports teams, including three minor league baseball teams.
Club City Sport League Venue AFC Mobile Mobile Soccer Gulf Coast Premier League Archbishop Lipscomb Athletic Complex Birmingham Bulls Pelham Ice hockey Southern Professional Hockey ... |
Alabama | College sports | College sports
College football is extremely popular in Alabama, particularly the University of Alabama Crimson Tide and Auburn University Tigers, rivals in the Southeastern Conference. Alabama averages over 100,000 fans per game and Auburn averages over 80,000—both numbers among the top twenty in the nation. Bryant–... |
Alabama | Transportation | Transportation
thumb|Terminal at the Montgomery Regional Airport in Montgomery
thumb|Interstate 59 (co-signed with Interstate 20) approaching Interstate 65 in downtown Birmingham
thumb|Aerial view of the port of Mobile |
Alabama | Aviation | Aviation
Major airports with sustained operations in Alabama include Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport (BHM), Huntsville International Airport (HSV), Dothan Regional Airport (DHN), Mobile Regional Airport (MOB), Montgomery Regional Airport (MGM), Northwest Alabama Regional Airport (MSL) and Northeast Al... |
Alabama | Rail | Rail
For rail transport, Amtrak schedules the Crescent, a daily passenger train, running from New York to New Orleans with station stops at Anniston, Birmingham, and Tuscaloosa. |
Alabama | Roads | Roads
Alabama has six major interstate routes: Interstate 65 (I-65) travels north–south roughly through the middle of the state; I-20/I-59 travel from the central west Mississippi state line to Birmingham, where I-59 continues to the north-east corner of the state and I-20 continues east towards Atlanta; I-85 origina... |
Alabama | Ports | Ports
The Port of Mobile, Alabama's only saltwater port, is a large seaport on the Gulf of Mexico with inland waterway access to the Midwest by way of the Tennessee–Tombigbee Waterway. The Port of Mobile was ranked 12th by tons of traffic in the United States during 2009. The newly expanded container terminal at the ... |
Alabama | See also | See also
Index of Alabama-related articles
Outline of Alabama — organized list of topics about Alabama
USS Alabama, 7 ships |
Alabama | Notes | Notes |
Alabama | Subnotes | Subnotes |
Alabama | Other notes | Other notes |
Alabama | References | References |
Alabama | Further reading | Further reading
Atkins, Leah Rawls, Wayne Flynt, William Warren Rogers, and David Ward. Alabama: The History of a Deep South State (1994).
Flynt, Wayne. Alabama in the Twentieth Century (2004).
Owen Thomas M. History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography (4 vols, 1921).
Jackson, Harvey H. Inside Alabama... |
Alabama | External links | External links
Alabama: State Resource Guide from the Library of Congress, A guide that provides access to digital materials related to the state of Alabama at the Library of Congress, as well as links to external websites and a selected print bibliography.
All About The Archives (archived 2020) at the Alabama D... |
Alabama | Table of Content | Short description, Etymology, History, Pre-European settlement, European settlement, 19th century, Civil War and Reconstruction, 20th century, 21st century, Geography, Climate, Flora and fauna, Major cities, Demographics, Race and ethnicity, Language, Religion, Health, Economy, Largest employers, Agriculture, Aquacultu... |
Achilles | Short description | In Greek mythology, Achilles ( ) or Achilleus () was a hero of the Trojan War who was known as being the greatest of all the Greek warriors. The central character in Homer's Iliad, he was the son of the Nereid Thetis and Peleus, king of Phthia and famous Argonaut. Achilles was raised in Phthia along with his childhood ... |
Achilles | Etymology | Etymology
Linear B tablets attest to the personal name Achilleus in the forms a-ki-re-u and a-ki-re-we, Retrieved 5 May 2017. the latter being the dative of the former. The name grew more popular, becoming common soon after the seventh century BCEEpigraphical database gives 476 matches for Ἀχιλ-.The earliest ones: Co... |
Achilles | Other names | Other names
Among the appellations under which Achilles is generally known are the following:
Pyrisous, "saved from the fire", his first name, which seems to favour the tradition in which his mortal parts were burned by his mother Thetis
Aeacides, from his grandfather Aeacus
Aemonius, from Aemonia, a country which... |
Achilles | Birth and early years | Birth and early years
thumb|left|upright=1.2|Thetis Dipping the Infant Achilles into the River Styx by Peter Paul Rubens (; Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam)
Achilles was the son of Thetis—a Nereid and daughter of the Old Man of the Sea—and Peleus, the king of the Myrmidons. Zeus and Poseidon had been rivals... |
Achilles | Physical description | Physical description
In Homer's Iliad, Achilles is portrayed as tall and striking, with strength and looks that were unmatched among the Greek warriors. Homer describes him as having long hair or a mane ().Homer, Iliad, 23.141 (in Greek) Along with other characters, his hair is described with the word xanthḗ (), whic... |
Achilles | Hidden on Skyros | Hidden on Skyros
thumb|A Roman mosaic from the Poseidon Villa in Zeugma, Commagene (now in the Zeugma Mosaic Museum) depicting Achilles disguised as a woman and Odysseus tricking him into revealing himself
Some post-Homeric sourcesEuripides, Skyrioi, surviving only in fragmentary form; Philostratus Junior, Imagines... |
Achilles | In the Trojan War | In the Trojan War
thumb|upright=1.3|A marble representation of Achilles at the court of King Lycomedes,
According to the Iliad, Achilles arrived at Troy with 50 ships, each carrying 50 Myrmidons. He appointed five leaders (each leader commanding 500 Myrmidons): Menesthius, Eudorus, Peisander, Phoenix and Alcimedon.... |
Achilles | Telephus | Telephus
When the Greeks left for the Trojan War, they accidentally stopped in Mysia, ruled by King Telephus. In the resulting battle, Achilles gave Telephus a wound that would not heal; Telephus consulted an oracle, who stated that "he that wounded shall heal". Guided by the oracle, he arrived at Argos, where Achill... |
Achilles | Troilus | Troilus
thumb|left|Achilles slaying Troilus, red-figure kylix signed by Euphronios
According to the Cypria (the part of the Epic Cycle that tells the events of the Trojan War before Achilles' wrath), when the Achaeans desired to return home, they were restrained by Achilles, who afterwards attacked the cattle of Aen... |
Achilles | In the ''Iliad'' | In the Iliad
thumb|Achilles and Agamemnon, from a mosaic from Pompeii, first century CE
Homer's Iliad is the most famous narrative of Achilles' deeds in the Trojan War. Achilles' wrath (, ) is the central theme of the poem. The first two lines of the Iliad read:
Μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληιάδεω Ἀχιλῆος
οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί' Ἀ... |
Achilles | Penthesilea and Memnon | Penthesilea and Memnon
thumb|Achilles and Memnon fighting, between Thetis and Eos, Attic black-figure amphora, , from Vulci
Later works, including the Aethiopis (seventh century BCE) and a work named Posthomerica, composed by Quintus of Smyrna in the fourth century CE, relate further events from the Trojan War. When... |
Achilles | Achilles and Patroclus | Achilles and Patroclus
thumb|Achilles tending Patroclus wounded by an arrow, Attic red-figure kylix, (Altes Museum, Berlin)
The exact nature of Achilles' relationship with Patroclus has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. In the Iliad, it appears to be the model of a deep and l... |
Achilles | Death | Death
thumb|left|Dying Achilles (Achilleas thniskon) in the gardens of the Achilleion
The death of Achilles, even if considered solely as it occurred in the oldest sources, is a complex one, with many different versions.Abrantes 2016: c. 4.3.1 Starting with the oldest account, In book 22 of the Iliad, Hector predict... |
Achilles | Fate of Achilles' armour | Fate of Achilles' armour
thumb|left|Oinochoe, , Ajax and Odysseus fighting over the armour of Achilles
Achilles' armour was the object of a feud between Odysseus and Ajax the Great. They competed for it by giving speeches on why they were the bravest after Achilles to their Trojan prisoners, who, after considering b... |
Achilles | Achilles, Ajax and a game of ''petteia'' | Achilles, Ajax and a game of petteia
Numerous paintings on pottery have suggested a tale not mentioned in the literary traditions. At some point in the war, Achilles and Ajax were playing a board game (petteia)."Petteia". "Greek Board Games". They were absorbed in the game and oblivious to the surrounding battle."La... |
Achilles | Worship and heroic cult | Worship and heroic cult
thumb|Sacrifice of Polyxena and tumulus-shaped tomb of Achilles with a tripod in front, on the Polyxena sarcophagus,
thumb|Roman statue of a man with the dead body of a boy, identified as Achilles and Troilus, second century CE (Naples National Archaeological Museum)
The tomb of Achilles,Cf... |
Achilles | Reception during antiquity | Reception during antiquity |
Achilles | In Greek tragedy | In Greek tragedy
The Greek tragedian Aeschylus wrote a trilogy of plays about Achilles, given the title Achilleis by modern scholars. The tragedies relate the deeds of Achilles during the Trojan War, including his defeat of Hector and eventual death when an arrow shot by Paris and guided by Apollo punctures his heel... |
Achilles | In Greek philosophy | In Greek philosophy |
Achilles | Zeno | Zeno
The philosopher Zeno of Elea centred one of his paradoxes on an imaginary footrace between "swift-footed" Achilles and a tortoise, by which he attempted to show that Achilles could not catch up to a tortoise with a head start, and therefore that motion and change were impossible. As a student of the monist Parme... |
Achilles | Plato | Plato
In Hippias Minor, a Socratic dialogue attributed to Plato, an arrogant man named Hippias argues with Socrates. The two get into a discussion about lying. They decide that a person who is intentionally false must be "better" than a person who is unintentionally false, on the basis that someone who lies intention... |
Achilles | In Roman and medieval literature | In Roman and medieval literature
The Romans, who traditionally traced their lineage to Troy, took a highly negative view of Achilles. Virgil refers to Achilles as a savage and a merciless butcher of men,Aeneid 2.28, 1.30, 3.87. while Horace portrays Achilles ruthlessly slaying women and children.Odes 4.6.17–20. Other... |
Achilles | In modern literature and arts | In modern literature and arts
thumb|right|Briseis and Achilles, engraving by Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–1677)
thumb|The Wrath of Achilles (), painting by Peter Paul Rubens
thumb|The death of Hector, unfinished oil painting by Peter Paul Rubens
thumb|upright=1.3|Achilles and Agamemnon by Gottlieb Schick (1801)
thumb|The... |
Achilles | Literature | Literature
Achilles appears in Dante's Inferno (composed 1308–1320). He is seen in Hell's second circle, that of lust.
Achilles is portrayed as a former hero who has become lazy and devoted to the love of Patroclus, in William Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida (1602). Despicably, he has his Myrmidons murder the un... |
Achilles | Visual arts | Visual arts
Achilles with the Daughters of Lycomedes is a subject treated in paintings by Anthony van Dyck (before 1618; Museo del Prado, Madrid) and Nicolas Poussin (; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston) among others.
Peter Paul Rubens has authored a series of works on the life of Achilles, comprising the titles: Thetis ... |
Achilles | Music | Music
Achilles has been frequently the subject of operas, ballets and related genres.
Operas titled Deidamia were composed by Francesco Cavalli (1644) and George Frideric Handel (1739).
Achille et Polyxène (Paris 1687) is an opera begun by Jean-Baptiste Lully and finished by Pascal Collasse.
Achille et Déidamie (P... |
Achilles | Film and television | Film and television
Achilles has been portrayed in the following films and television series:
The 1924 film Helena by Carlo Aldini
The 1954 film Ulysses by Piero Lulli
The 1956 film Helen of Troy by Stanley Baker
The 1961 film The Trojan Horse by Arturo Dominici
The 1962 film The Fury of Achilles by Gordon Mitch... |
Achilles | Architecture | Architecture
In 1890, Elisabeth of Bavaria, Empress of Austria, had a summer palace built in Corfu. The building is named the Achilleion, after Achilles. Its paintings and statuary depict scenes from the Trojan War, with particular focus on Achilles.
The Wellington Monument is a statue representing Achilles erecte... |
Achilles | Namesakes | Namesakes
The name of Achilles has been used for at least nine Royal Navy warships since 1744—both as and with the French spelling . A 60-gun ship of that name served at the Battle of Belleisle in 1761 while a 74-gun ship served at the Battle of Trafalgar. Other battle honours include Walcheren 1809. An armored cru... |
Achilles | Gallery | Gallery |
Achilles | References | References |
Achilles | Further reading | Further reading
Ileana Chirassi Colombo (1977), "Heroes Achilleus – Theos Apollon". In Il Mito Greco, edd. Bruno Gentili and Giuseppe Paione. Rome: Edizione dell'Ateneo e Bizzarri.
Anthony Edwards (1985a), "Achilles in the Underworld: Iliad, Odyssey, and Æthiopis". Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 26: pp. 215–2... |
Achilles | External links | External links
Trojan War Resources
Gallery of the Ancient Art: Achilles
Poem by Florence Earle Coates
Category:Greek mythological heroes
Category:Kings of the Myrmidons
Category:Achaean Leaders
Category:Thessalians in the Trojan War
Category:Metamorphoses characters
Category:Mythological rapists
Category:Demig... |
Achilles | Table of Content | Short description, Etymology, Other names, Birth and early years, Physical description, Hidden on Skyros, In the Trojan War, Telephus, Troilus, In the ''Iliad'', Penthesilea and Memnon, Achilles and Patroclus, Death, Fate of Achilles' armour, Achilles, Ajax and a game of ''petteia'', Worship and heroic cult, Reception ... |
Aristotle | Short description | Aristotle (; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider A... |
Aristotle | Life | Life
In general, the details of Aristotle's life are not well-established. The biographies written in ancient times are often speculative and historians only agree on a few salient points. Aristotle was born in 384 BC in Stagira, Chalcidice,; ; ; about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki.; He was the s... |
Aristotle | Theoretical philosophy | Theoretical philosophy |
Aristotle | Logic | Logic
With the Prior Analytics, Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic, and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th-century advances in mathematical logic. Kant stated in the Critique of Pure Reason that with Aristotle, logic reached its completion. |
Aristotle | ''Organon'' | Organon
thumb | upright=0.8 | Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens. Aristotle holds his Nicomachean Ethics and gestures to the earth, representing his view in immanent realism, whilst Plato gestures to the heavens, indicating his Theory of Forms, and holds his Timaeus.
Most of A... |
Aristotle | Metaphysics | Metaphysics
The word "metaphysics" appears to have been coined by the first century AD editor who assembled various small selections of Aristotle's works to create the treatise we know by the name Metaphysics. Aristotle called it "first philosophy", and distinguished it from mathematics and natural science (physics)... |
Aristotle | Substance | Substance
Aristotle examines the concepts of substance (ousia) and essence (to ti ên einai, "the what it was to be") in his Metaphysics (Book VII), and he concludes that a particular substance is a combination of both matter and form, a philosophical theory called hylomorphism. In Book VIII, he distinguishes the mat... |
Aristotle | Immanent realism | Immanent realism
thumb | upright=1.5 | Plato's forms exist as universals, like the ideal form of an apple. For Aristotle, both matter and form belong to the individual thing (hylomorphism).
Like his teacher Plato, Aristotle's philosophy aims at the universal. Aristotle's ontology places the universal () in particul... |
Aristotle | Potentiality and actuality | Potentiality and actuality
Concerning the nature of change (kinesis) and its causes, as he outlines in his Physics and On Generation and Corruption (319b–320a), he distinguishes coming-to-be (genesis, also translated as 'generation') from:
growth and diminution, which is change in quantity;
locomotion, which is ch... |
Aristotle | Epistemology | Epistemology
Aristotle's immanent realism means his epistemology is based on the study of things that exist or happen in the world, and rises to knowledge of the universal, whereas for Plato epistemology begins with knowledge of universal Forms (or ideas) and descends to knowledge of particular imitations of these. A... |
Aristotle | Natural philosophy | Natural philosophy
Aristotle's "natural philosophy" spans a wide range of natural phenomena including those now covered by physics, biology and other natural sciences. In Aristotle's terminology, "natural philosophy" is a branch of philosophy examining the phenomena of the natural world, and includes fields that woul... |
Aristotle | Physics | Physics
thumb | The four classical elements (fire, air, water, earth) of Empedocles and Aristotle illustrated with a burning log. The log releases all four elements as it is destroyed. |
Aristotle | Five elements | Five elements
In his On Generation and Corruption, Aristotle related each of the four elements proposed earlier by Empedocles, earth, water, air, and fire, to two of the four sensible qualities, hot, cold, wet, and dry. In the Empedoclean scheme, all matter was made of the four elements, in differing proportions. Ar... |
Aristotle | Motion | Motion
Aristotle describes two kinds of motion: "violent" or "unnatural motion", such as that of a thrown stone, in the Physics (254b10), and "natural motion", such as of a falling object, in On the Heavens (300a20). In violent motion, as soon as the agent stops causing it, the motion stops also: in other words, the... |
Aristotle | Four causes | Four causes
thumb | upright=1.5 | Aristotle argued by analogy with woodwork that a thing takes its form from four causes: in the case of a table, the wood used (material cause), its design (formal cause), the tools and techniques used (efficient cause), and its decorative or practical purpose (final cause).
Aristo... |
Aristotle | Optics | Optics
Aristotle describes experiments in optics using a camera obscura in Problems, book 15. The apparatus consisted of a dark chamber with a small aperture that let light in. With it, he saw that whatever shape he made the hole, the sun's image always remained circular. He also noted that increasing the distance b... |
Aristotle | Chance and spontaneity | Chance and spontaneity
According to Aristotle, spontaneity and chance are causes of some things, distinguishable from other types of cause such as simple necessity. Chance as an incidental cause lies in the realm of accidental things, "from what is spontaneous". There is also more a specific kind of chance, which Ar... |
Aristotle | Astronomy | Astronomy
In astronomy, Aristotle refuted Democritus's claim that the Milky Way was made up of "those stars which are shaded by the earth from the sun's rays," pointing out partly correctly that if "the size of the sun is greater than that of the earth and the distance of the stars from the earth many times greater ... |
Aristotle | Geology and natural sciences | Geology and natural sciences
thumb | Aristotle noted that the ground level of the Aeolian islands changed before a volcanic eruption.
Aristotle was one of the first people to record any geological observations. He stated that geological change was too slow to be observed in one person's lifetime.
The geologist Char... |
Aristotle | Biology | Biology
thumb | upright=0.8 | Among many pioneering zoological observations, Aristotle described the reproductive hectocotyl arm of the octopus (bottom left). |
Aristotle | Empirical research | Empirical research
Aristotle was the first person to study biology systematically, and biology forms a large part of his writings. He spent two years observing and describing the zoology of Lesbos and the surrounding seas, including in particular the Pyrrha lagoon in the centre of Lesbos. His data in History of Anima... |
Aristotle | Scientific style | Scientific style
thumb | left | upright=1.4 | Aristotle inferred growth laws from his observations on animals, including that brood size decreases with body mass, whereas gestation period increases. He was correct in these predictions, at least for mammals: data are shown for mouse and elephant.
Aristotle did not d... |
Aristotle | Classification of living things | Classification of living things
thumb|Aristotle recorded that the embryo (fetus pictured) of a dogfish was attached by a cord to a kind of placenta (the yolk sac), like a higher animal; this formed an exception to the linear scale from highest to lowest.
Aristotle distinguished about 500 species of animals, arrangin... |
Aristotle | Psychology | Psychology |
Aristotle | Soul | Soul
thumb | upright=1.5 | Aristotle proposed a three-part structure for souls of plants, animals, and humans, making humans unique in having all three types of soul.
Aristotle's psychology, given in his treatise On the Soul (), posits three kinds of soul (): the vegetative soul, the sensitive soul, and the ration... |
Aristotle | Memory | Memory
According to Aristotle in On the Soul, memory is the ability to hold a perceived experience in the mind and to distinguish between the internal "appearance" and an occurrence in the past. In other words, a memory is a mental picture (phantasm) that can be recovered. Aristotle believed an impression is left on ... |
Aristotle | Dreams | Dreams
Aristotle describes sleep in On Sleep and Wakefulness. Sleep takes place as a result of overuse of the senses or of digestion, so it is vital to the body. While a person is asleep, the critical activities, which include thinking, sensing, recalling and remembering, do not function as they do during wakefulnes... |
Aristotle | Practical philosophy | Practical philosophy
Aristotle's practical philosophy covers areas such as ethics, politics, economics, and rhetoric.
+ Virtues and their accompanying vices Too little Virtuous mean Too muchHumblenessHigh-mindednessVaingloryLack of purposeRight ambitionOver-ambitionSpiritlessnessGood temperIrascibilityRudenessCivi... |
Aristotle | Ethics | Ethics
Aristotle considered ethics to be a practical rather than theoretical study, i.e., one aimed at becoming good and doing good rather than knowing for its own sake. He wrote several treatises on ethics, most notably including the Nicomachean Ethics.
Aristotle taught that virtue has to do with the proper functi... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.