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gene_token_id
list
gene_expression
list
cell_barcode
string
sample
string
num_features
int64
guide_target
string
gene_target
string
n_genes_by_counts
int64
total_counts
float64
total_counts_mt
float64
pct_counts_mt
float64
pass_guide_filter
int64
[ 29, 30, 34, 35, 38, 49, 51, 55, 59, 60, 64, 66, 67, 69, 75, 81, 82, 86, 88, 91, 93, 94, 105, 109, 112, 113, 117, 145, 152, 180, 187, 204, 212, 218, 221, 226, 227, 230, 240, 249, 250, 256, 258, 259, 260, 269, 274, 276, 27...
[ 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 6, 1, 5, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 25, 2, 1, 1, 7, 4, 1, 1, 34, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, ...
AAACCAAAGACATGTT-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
ST14_P1P2-1|ST14_P1P2-2
ST14
4,883
19,136
1,179
6.161162
1
[ 30, 32, 35, 36, 51, 52, 55, 60, 62, 64, 66, 67, 69, 75, 77, 81, 86, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 97, 105, 109, 112, 113, 143, 146, 152, 154, 155, 180, 186, 187, 189, 190, 193, 194, 196, 200, 204, 212, 218, 221, 222, 227, 230, 237...
[ 9, 1, 5, 11, 10, 2, 1, 3, 5, 1, 12, 5, 7, 1, 2, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 11, 1, 3, 2, 7, 1, 2, 2, 5, 1, 2, 41, 1, 6, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 1, 20, 18, 3, 13, 94, 2, 1, 1, 2, 4, 3, 6, 1, 1, 8, 2, 10, 7, 1...
AAACCAAAGACCCAAC-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
SIGLEC5_P1P2-1|SIGLEC5_P1P2-2
SIGLEC5
8,130
47,916
1,562
3.259871
1
[ 18, 30, 35, 36, 40, 49, 51, 52, 59, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 69, 75, 79, 81, 84, 86, 88, 91, 93, 94, 97, 102, 105, 112, 136, 152, 154, 156, 177, 180, 183, 187, 193, 194, 197, 200, 204, 212, 218, 221, 227, 230, 236, 241, 245, ...
[ 1, 5, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 4, 3, 2, 9, 1, 7, 2, 3, 5, 1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 33, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 19, 7, 2, 53, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 7, ...
AAACCAAAGAGGTACG-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
VSNL1_P1P2-1|VSNL1_P1P2-2
VSNL1
6,531
28,435
1,042
3.664498
1
[12,30,35,36,38,43,49,51,55,60,62,66,67,68,69,75,77,79,81,86,91,94,97,100,105,112,145,146,154,156,18(...TRUNCATED)
[1.0,3.0,4.0,1.0,2.0,1.0,3.0,5.0,2.0,2.0,1.0,10.0,3.0,2.0,6.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,4.0,4.0,1.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,2.(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAAAGCGATTAT-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
KCNK7_P1P2-1|KCNK7_P1P2-2
KCNK7
5,931
26,080
1,087
4.167945
1
[30,31,35,36,38,49,51,55,59,60,66,67,68,69,75,77,79,81,82,86,88,93,94,97,100,105,112,136,141,145,146(...TRUNCATED)
[7.0,1.0,2.0,5.0,2.0,1.0,5.0,1.0,3.0,2.0,21.0,1.0,1.0,18.0,1.0,1.0,4.0,4.0,1.0,3.0,3.0,1.0,6.0,1.0,1(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAAAGGCTTAAT-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
APOA4_P1P2-1|APOA4_P1P2-2
APOA4
7,157
38,366
955
2.489183
1
[18,30,36,38,49,51,59,60,66,69,81,86,88,91,93,105,112,147,152,154,180,183,192,193,200,204,218,221,22(...TRUNCATED)
[2.0,3.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,9.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAAAGGGCTTGT-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
non-targeting_03016|non-targeting_03214
Non-Targeting
4,364
11,375
963
8.465934
1
[16,18,30,35,36,43,49,51,55,58,59,60,64,66,67,69,75,77,79,81,86,88,90,91,93,94,95,97,100,102,105,107(...TRUNCATED)
[1.0,1.0,12.0,5.0,10.0,1.0,2.0,10.0,3.0,1.0,3.0,7.0,4.0,27.0,6.0,17.0,1.0,3.0,6.0,6.0,7.0,3.0,1.0,2.(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAAAGGTCCTTT-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
SBF2_P1P2-1|SBF2_P1P2-2
SBF2
8,439
68,077
2,174
3.193443
1
[30,35,36,40,49,51,55,59,66,69,75,77,79,81,86,88,90,93,94,97,100,102,112,141,146,152,155,177,180,183(...TRUNCATED)
[2.0,2.0,7.0,2.0,1.0,9.0,2.0,1.0,4.0,10.0,3.0,1.0,1.0,5.0,2.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,3.0,2.0,1.0,1.0,3.0,1.0,2.(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAGCAAAGCTAG-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
SLC39A8_P1P2-1|SLC39A8_P1P2-2
SLC39A8
4,891
31,643
958
3.027526
1
[30,31,35,36,38,43,51,55,60,66,67,68,69,77,79,81,86,88,91,93,94,97,102,105,107,112,152,154,155,156,1(...TRUNCATED)
[8.0,1.0,6.0,23.0,1.0,3.0,2.0,2.0,4.0,12.0,1.0,1.0,7.0,4.0,1.0,4.0,4.0,2.0,1.0,3.0,3.0,1.0,1.0,3.0,1(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAGCAAGCTGGG-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
CDK5RAP2_P1P2-1|CDK5RAP2_P1P2-2
CDK5RAP2
6,658
33,785
883
2.613586
1
[18,22,30,35,36,40,42,43,51,55,60,62,64,66,67,69,75,77,79,81,86,88,90,91,93,94,105,112,124,136,146,1(...TRUNCATED)
[1.0,1.0,8.0,4.0,6.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,2.0,1.0,3.0,3.0,1.0,15.0,3.0,7.0,3.0,2.0,2.0,9.0,3.0,1.0,1.0,2.0,1.(...TRUNCATED)
AAACCAGCACTGCGTA-HCT116_Batch1
HCT116_Batch1
2
CHKA_P1P2-1|CHKA_P1P2-2
CHKA
7,035
39,414
1,497
3.798143
1
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X-Atlas/Orion

X-Atlas: Orion edition (X-Atlas/Orion) is a Perturb-seq atlas containing two genome-wide Fix-Cryopreserve-ScRNAseq (FiCS) Perturb-seq screens that target all human protein-coding genes (n = 18,903 genes). The dataset is comprised of eight million HCT116 and HEK293T cells, each deeply sequenced to a median of 16,000 unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) per cell. The median on-target knockdown efficiency is 75.4% in HCT116 cells and 51.5% in HEK293T cells, with a median of at least 140 cells per perturbation. Through the release of X-Atlas/Orion, we highlight the potential of FiCS Perturb-seq to address current scalability and variability challenges in data generation, advance foundation model development that incorporates gene-dosage effects, and accelerate biological discoveries.

Preprint: X-Atlas/Orion: Genome-wide Perturb-seq Datasets via a Scalable Fix-Cryopreserve Platform for Training Dose-Dependent Biological Foundation Models
Processed h5ads and other metadata: https://doi.org/10.25452/figshare.plus.29190726

Tutorial

from datasets import load_dataset

# load the entire dataset in streaming mode
ds = load_dataset("Xaira-Therapeutics/X-Atlas-Orion", streaming=True)
# load only hct116
hct116_ds = load_dataset("Xaira-Therapeutics/X-Atlas-Orion", streaming=True, split="HCT116")
# load only hek293t
hek293t_ds = load_dataset("Xaira-Therapeutics/X-Atlas-Orion", streaming=True, split="HEK293T")

Dataset

The dataset contains the following information:

name description
gene_token_id gene identifiers corresponding to genes with non-zero expression in each cell. to be used with gene_expression.
metadata/gene_metadata.parquet contains the mapping from gene_token_id to Ensembl ID and official gene symbol
gene_expression raw counts for genes with non-zero expression. to be used with gene_token_id
cell_barcode 10X-generated cell barcode. the suffix -1 is replaced with -<SAMPLE>
sample GEM batch
num_features number of guides
guide_target guide identity
gene_target gene targeted by guide
n_genes_by_counts number of genes with non-zero counts
total_counts total UMIs
total_counts_mt total UMIs from MT genes
pct_counts_mt % UMIs from MT genes
pass_guide_filter boolean if cells contains two guides from the same guide pair

Gene metadata

All samples were aligned to the 10x Genomics GRCh38 2024-A pre-built reference genome (human reference (GRCh38) - 2024-A). Official gene symbols and ensembl IDs were extracted from the genes.gtf file.

# load metadata containing mappings to gene tokens and names
gene_metadata = load_dataset("Xaira-Therapeutics/X-Atlas-Orion","gene_metadata")
name description
ensembl_id Ensembl ID
gene_name official gene symbol
gene_token_id gene identifiers corresponding to genes with non-zero expression in each cell. to be used with gene_token_id in the dataset

Citation

@article{huang2025xatlasorion,
  title={X-Atlas/Orion: Genome-wide Perturb-seq Datasets via a Scalable Fix-Cryopreserve Platform for Training Dose-Dependent Biological Foundation Models},
  author={Huang, Ann C and Hsieh, Tsung-Han S and Zhu, Jiang and Michuda, Jackson and Teng, Ashton and Kim, Soohong and Rumsey, Elizabeth M and Lam, Sharon K and Anigbogu, Ikenna and Wright, Philip and Ameen, Mohamed and You, Kwontae and Graves, Christopher J and Kim, Hyunsung John and Litterman, Adam J and Sit, Rene V  and Blocker, Alex and Chu, Ci},
  journal={bioRxiv},
  year={2025},
  url={https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.06.11.659105v1}
}
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