Arctic Shift Reddit Archive

Every Reddit comment and submission since 2005, organized as monthly Parquet shards

What is it?

The full Reddit archive from Arctic Shift, converted to Parquet and hosted here for easy access. Covers every public subreddit from 2005-12 through 2026-02.

Right now the archive has 2.6B items (1.3B comments, 1.3B submissions) in 270.4 GB of compressed Parquet. Comments and submissions are stored as separate datasets, split into monthly shards you can load individually or stream together.

Reddit has been around since 2005. Millions of people use it to talk about everything - programming, sports, cooking, politics, niche hobbies. That makes it one of the best sources of natural conversation data for language model training, sentiment analysis, community research, and information retrieval. Most Reddit datasets only cover specific subreddits or time windows. This one covers all of it.

What is being released?

Monthly Parquet files, split by type (comments vs submissions). Small months fit in one shard. Large months (post-2015 or so) get split into multiple ~200 MB shards.

data/
  comments/
    2005/12/000.parquet       earliest month with data
    2006/01/000.parquet
    ...
    2023/06/000.parquet
              001.parquet     large months get multiple shards
              002.parquet
  submissions/
    2005/12/000.parquet
    2006/01/000.parquet
    ...
stats.csv                     one row per committed (month, type) pair
zst_sizes.json                .zst file sizes for all months (from torrent metadata)
states.json                   live pipeline state (updated every ~5 min)

stats.csv tracks every committed (month, type) pair with row count, shard count, Parquet size, original .zst size, processing time, and commit timestamp. zst_sizes.json maps every (type, month) pair to its .zst archive size — useful for estimating remaining work.

Breakdown by type and year

Comments

  2005  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  1.1K
  2006  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  417.2K
  2007  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  2.5M
  2008  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  7.2M
  2009  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  18.9M
  2010  ███░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  48.5M
  2011  ███████░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  123.3M
  2012  ████████████████░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  260.3M
  2013  ████████████████████████░░░░░░  402.2M
  2014  ██████████████████████████████  483.0M

Submissions

  2005  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  5.4K
  2006  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  304.7K
  2007  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  908.2K
  2008  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  2.5M
  2009  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  4.8M
  2010  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  6.9M
  2011  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  15.0M
  2012  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  29.3M
  2013  ██░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  39.7M
  2014  ██░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  47.9M
  2017  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  10.4M
  2018  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  11.3M
  2019  █░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  21.2M
  2023  ██░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  39.2M
  2024  ████████████████████████████░░  477.4M
  2025  ██████████████████████████████  494.3M
  2026  █████░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  87.5M

How to download and use this dataset

Load comments or submissions separately, filter by year or month, or stream the whole thing. Standard Hugging Face Parquet layout, works with DuckDB, datasets, pandas, and huggingface_hub out of the box.

Using DuckDB

DuckDB reads Parquet directly from Hugging Face - no download step needed.

-- Top 20 subreddits by comment volume (all time)
SELECT subreddit, count(*) AS comments
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/data/comments/**/*.parquet')
GROUP BY subreddit
ORDER BY comments DESC
LIMIT 20;

-- Monthly submission volume for 2023
SELECT
    strftime(created_at, '%Y-%m') AS month,
    count(*) AS submissions,
    sum(num_comments) AS total_comments
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/data/submissions/2023/**/*.parquet')
GROUP BY month
ORDER BY month;

-- Most active authors across all comments
SELECT author, count(*) AS comments, avg(score) AS avg_score
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/data/comments/**/*.parquet')
WHERE author != '[deleted]'
GROUP BY author
ORDER BY comments DESC
LIMIT 20;

-- Average comment length by year
SELECT
    extract(year FROM created_at) AS year,
    avg(body_length) AS avg_length,
    count(*) AS comments
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/data/comments/**/*.parquet')
GROUP BY year
ORDER BY year;

-- Top linked domains in submissions
SELECT
    regexp_extract(url, 'https?://([^/]+)', 1) AS domain,
    count(*) AS posts
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/data/submissions/**/*.parquet')
WHERE url IS NOT NULL AND url != ''
GROUP BY domain
ORDER BY posts DESC
LIMIT 20;

Using datasets

from datasets import load_dataset

# Stream all comments without downloading everything
comments = load_dataset("open-index/arctic", "comments", split="train", streaming=True)
for item in comments:
    print(item["author"], item["subreddit"], item["body"][:80])

# Load submissions for a specific year
subs = load_dataset(
    "open-index/arctic", "submissions",
    data_files="data/submissions/2023/**/*.parquet",
    split="train",
)
print(f"{len(subs):,} submissions in 2023")

Using huggingface_hub

from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download

# Download only 2023 comments
snapshot_download(
    "open-index/arctic",
    repo_type="dataset",
    local_dir="./arctic/",
    allow_patterns="data/comments/2023/**/*",
)

For faster downloads, install pip install huggingface_hub[hf_transfer] and set HF_HUB_ENABLE_HF_TRANSFER=1.

Using the CLI

# Download a single month of submissions
huggingface-cli download open-index/arctic \
    --include "data/submissions/2024/01/*" \
    --repo-type dataset --local-dir ./arctic/

Dataset statistics

Type	Months	Rows	Parquet Size
comments	108	1.3B	111.3 GB
submissions	138	1.3B	159.2 GB
Total	108	2.6B	270.4 GB

Monthly breakdown

Click to expand full monthly table (108 comment months + 138 submission months)

Month	Type	.zst Size	Download	Process	Upload	Shards	Rows	Parquet
2005-12	comments	-	36.7s	1.0s	17.0s	1	1,075	138.4 KB
2005-12	submissions	-	1m04s	1.4s	8.7s	1	5,356	304.3 KB
2006-01	comments	-	30.3s	0.6s	6.0s	1	3,666	388.6 KB
2006-01	submissions	-	22.1s	1.2s	1m05s	1	8,048	458.3 KB
2006-02	comments	-	24.3s	6.2s	21.0s	1	9,095	1021.6 KB
2006-02	submissions	-	26.1s	2.0s	10.2s	1	9,501	560.3 KB
2006-03	comments	-	17.6s	1.1s	7.4s	1	13,859	1.4 MB
2006-03	submissions	-	29.4s	11.9s	12.0s	1	12,525	724.7 KB
2006-04	comments	-	30.7s	2.8s	15.1s	1	19,090	2.1 MB
2006-04	submissions	-	25.6s	3.0s	17.1s	1	12,556	725.4 KB
2006-05	comments	-	24.1s	5.2s	6.0s	1	26,859	2.9 MB
2006-05	submissions	-	23.9s	2.5s	5.7s	1	14,701	850.5 KB
2006-06	comments	-	23.4s	9.1s	12.1s	1	29,163	3.1 MB
2006-06	submissions	-	21.9s	13.3s	25.1s	1	16,942	958.7 KB
2006-07	comments	-	29.2s	10.1s	17.6s	1	37,031	3.8 MB
2006-07	submissions	-	25.4s	8.8s	9.3s	1	24,026	1.3 MB
2006-08	comments	-	32.0s	13.3s	6.4s	1	50,559	5.3 MB
2006-08	submissions	-	25.4s	9.3s	10.7s	1	40,750	2.2 MB
2006-09	comments	-	19.1s	4.8s	9.7s	1	50,675	5.3 MB
2006-09	submissions	-	29.3s	9.5s	8.9s	1	54,043	2.8 MB
2006-10	comments	-	26.5s	10.9s	14.9s	1	54,148	5.3 MB
2006-10	submissions	-	28.3s	15.0s	25.4s	1	38,333	2.2 MB
2006-11	comments	-	30.2s	3.0s	20.9s	1	62,021	6.1 MB
2006-11	submissions	-	25.4s	3.4s	6.1s	1	36,824	2.1 MB
2006-12	comments	-	21.7s	8.1s	6.7s	1	61,018	6.1 MB
2006-12	submissions	-	21.3s	8.6s	6.5s	1	36,434	2.1 MB
2007-01	comments	-	24.1s	7.4s	29.9s	1	81,341	8.3 MB
2007-01	submissions	-	23.4s	8.1s	10.0s	1	43,725	2.5 MB
2007-02	comments	-	24.7s	7.3s	12.5s	1	95,634	9.5 MB
2007-02	submissions	-	28.1s	15.8s	9.0s	1	47,317	2.8 MB
2007-03	comments	-	18.1s	8.5s	28.0s	1	112,444	10.5 MB
2007-03	submissions	-	24.8s	6.5s	13.6s	1	58,642	3.4 MB
2007-04	comments	-	21.5s	9.3s	17.1s	1	126,773	11.6 MB
2007-04	submissions	-	22.4s	8.2s	17.7s	1	61,544	3.6 MB
2007-05	comments	-	39.0s	4.8s	11.8s	1	170,097	15.7 MB
2007-05	submissions	-	30.4s	5.9s	11.5s	1	65,098	3.9 MB
2007-06	comments	-	28.7s	8.5s	24.6s	1	178,800	16.1 MB
2007-06	submissions	-	23.1s	7.8s	11.1s	1	62,693	3.8 MB
2007-07	comments	-	23.2s	14.1s	15.4s	1	203,319	18.6 MB
2007-07	submissions	-	23.9s	12.6s	12.8s	1	73,248	4.4 MB
2007-08	comments	-	30.7s	12.2s	1m18s	1	225,111	19.9 MB
2007-08	submissions	-	29.3s	6.5s	13.3s	1	84,952	5.1 MB
2007-09	comments	-	32.2s	7.5s	7.7s	1	259,497	23.1 MB
2007-09	submissions	-	30.2s	7.3s	15.8s	1	91,294	5.5 MB
2007-10	comments	-	25.5s	8.4s	17.1s	1	274,170	24.5 MB
2007-10	submissions	-	29.4s	16.7s	15.8s	1	101,633	5.9 MB
2007-11	comments	-	42.0s	14.9s	1m43s	1	372,983	27.4 MB
2007-11	submissions	-	30.6s	7.1s	10.6s	1	106,868	5.9 MB
2007-12	comments	-	29.9s	19.0s	24.9s	1	363,390	30.2 MB
2007-12	submissions	-	21.6s	8.6s	17.0s	1	111,193	6.1 MB
2008-01	comments	-	34.6s	12.5s	38.0s	1	452,990	36.7 MB
2008-01	submissions	-	26.2s	7.6s	19.9s	1	142,310	7.8 MB
2008-02	comments	-	40.4s	19.2s	1m09s	1	441,768	35.8 MB
2008-02	submissions	-	26.4s	8.1s	22.7s	1	147,834	8.3 MB
2008-03	comments	-	25.0s	15.1s	1m13s	1	463,728	37.3 MB
2008-03	submissions	-	24.9s	13.6s	20.6s	1	168,227	9.4 MB
2008-04	comments	-	32.7s	16.6s	1m32s	1	468,317	38.5 MB
2008-04	submissions	-	28.3s	7.8s	25.3s	1	167,472	9.4 MB
2008-05	comments	-	29.9s	13.4s	11.9s	2	536,380	43.5 MB
2008-05	submissions	-	17.6s	9.2s	7.3s	1	177,022	10.0 MB
2008-06	comments	-	-	17.9s	7.8s	2	577,684	47.4 MB
2008-06	submissions	-	34.5s	9.0s	11.4s	1	190,682	10.8 MB
2008-07	comments	-	29.3s	16.7s	11.1s	2	592,610	49.3 MB
2008-07	submissions	-	20.2s	10.9s	7.1s	1	218,092	12.2 MB
2008-08	comments	-	-	23.5s	7.2s	2	595,959	49.1 MB
2008-08	submissions	-	32.2s	11.4s	26.2s	1	212,552	12.0 MB
2008-09	comments	-	1m09s	11.3s	16.6s	2	680,892	56.1 MB
2008-09	submissions	-	42.8s	13.1s	35.5s	1	256,268	14.6 MB
2008-10	comments	-	-	20.4s	28.9s	2	789,874	64.2 MB
2008-10	submissions	-	34.6s	11.2s	6.0s	1	282,974	16.3 MB
2008-11	comments	-	1m24s	19.9s	58.3s	2	792,310	63.0 MB
2008-11	submissions	-	27.7s	15.6s	20.1s	1	272,505	15.5 MB
2008-12	comments	-	-	33.1s	41.5s	2	850,359	69.8 MB
2008-12	submissions	-	22.1s	13.6s	15.2s	1	283,915	16.0 MB
2009-01	comments	-	1m29s	13.0s	10.3s	3	1,051,649	86.1 MB
2009-01	submissions	-	26.3s	11.6s	9.3s	1	331,060	18.9 MB
2009-02	comments	-	-	21.1s	21.8s	2	944,711	78.7 MB
2009-02	submissions	-	23.1s	13.2s	11.8s	1	329,042	19.1 MB
2009-03	comments	-	35.6s	32.8s	17.9s	3	1,048,643	89.8 MB
2009-03	submissions	-	24.1s	17.7s	17.3s	1	362,805	21.4 MB
2009-04	comments	-	-	47.6s	8.7s	3	1,094,599	93.2 MB
2009-04	submissions	-	39.6s	17.2s	7.0s	1	357,107	21.3 MB
2009-05	comments	-	1m24s	12.9s	30.6s	3	1,201,257	105.3 MB
2009-05	submissions	-	30.5s	15.2s	53.4s	1	355,193	21.4 MB
2009-06	comments	-	-	21.9s	11.7s	3	1,258,750	111.7 MB
2009-06	submissions	-	38.8s	17.0s	14.8s	1	383,969	23.9 MB
2009-07	comments	-	53.2s	36.0s	16.2s	3	1,470,290	129.9 MB
2009-07	submissions	-	22.7s	20.5s	15.2s	1	427,135	28.4 MB
2009-08	comments	-	-	23.4s	15.4s	4	1,750,688	153.3 MB
2009-08	submissions	-	1m01s	21.4s	17.1s	1	435,860	30.3 MB
2009-09	comments	-	1m15s	55.7s	3m02s	5	2,032,276	172.6 MB
2009-09	submissions	-	24.9s	21.3s	14.7s	1	443,037	31.7 MB
2009-10	comments	-	1m18s	29.3s	1m49s	5	2,242,017	199.1 MB
2009-10	submissions	-	1m17s	24.4s	39.7s	1	461,702	33.7 MB
2009-11	comments	-	-	1m03s	57.1s	5	2,207,444	193.5 MB
2009-11	submissions	-	33.3s	20.9s	31.1s	1	452,320	32.8 MB
2009-12	comments	-	1m38s	1m26s	25.9s	6	2,560,510	220.7 MB
2009-12	submissions	-	26.7s	12.1s	25.4s	1	492,225	36.3 MB
2010-01	comments	-	-	49.6s	29.6s	6	2,884,096	249.4 MB
2010-01	submissions	-	1m02s	34.1s	6.9s	2	549,007	40.9 MB
2010-02	comments	-	1m35s	46.4s	43.4s	6	2,687,779	237.5 MB
2010-02	submissions	-	-	58.9s	9.7s	2	506,868	38.2 MB
2010-03	comments	-	-	48.8s	1m37s	7	3,228,254	281.1 MB
2010-03	submissions	-	1m16s	31.6s	13.2s	2	602,586	46.2 MB
2010-04	comments	-	1m40s	50.7s	1m02s	7	3,209,898	274.8 MB
2010-04	submissions	-	-	1m11s	14.2s	2	617,302	46.8 MB
2010-05	comments	-	-	1m14s	29.6s	7	3,267,363	278.5 MB
2010-05	submissions	-	56.2s	1m08s	10.2s	2	515,637	41.6 MB
2010-06	comments	-	2m06s	41.9s	1m09s	8	3,532,867	298.9 MB
2010-06	submissions	-	26.9s	19.7s	1m34s	1	478,396	40.0 MB
2010-07	comments	-	-	2m51s	31.1s	9	4,032,737	346.6 MB
2010-07	submissions	-	1m15s	1m58s	6.9s	2	504,098	44.2 MB
2010-08	comments	-	4m02s	3m19s	43.9s	9	4,247,982	364.2 MB
2010-08	submissions	-	-	3m48s	15.2s	2	537,480	46.9 MB
2010-09	comments	-	-	5m44s	3m40s	10	4,704,069	400.0 MB
2010-09	submissions	-	1m55s	48.3s	17.7s	2	600,209	53.7 MB
2010-10	comments	-	5m59s	5m52s	12.3s	11	5,032,368	433.8 MB
2010-10	submissions	-	-	52.3s	11.6s	2	630,298	57.6 MB
2010-11	comments	-	-	14m01s	3m50s	12	5,689,002	487.7 MB
2010-11	submissions	-	-	8m41s	32.5s	2	674,615	63.6 MB
2010-12	comments	-	4m22s	11m24s	6m30s	12	5,972,642	513.1 MB
2010-12	submissions	-	59.3s	15.1s	8m13s	2	729,840	69.3 MB
2011-01	comments	592.8 MB	-	12m14s	3m28s	14	6,603,329	570.4 MB
2011-01	submissions	117.9 MB	-	12m30s	1m51s	2	837,996	91.1 MB
2011-02	comments	574.2 MB	-	13m35s	1m57s	13	6,363,114	551.3 MB
2011-02	submissions	114.1 MB	-	13m58s	33.6s	2	822,302	88.3 MB
2011-03	comments	679.7 MB	6m36s	18m04s	2m59s	16	7,556,165	652.4 MB
2011-03	submissions	135.5 MB	2m44s	18m30s	8m51s	2	976,817	104.4 MB
2011-04	comments	665.1 MB	2m35s	13m05s	-	16	7,571,398	633.9 MB
2011-04	submissions	132.9 MB	1m29s	21.3s	2m41s	2	971,371	101.6 MB
2011-05	comments	772.0 MB	-	17m50s	4m29s	18	8,803,949	733.7 MB
2011-05	submissions	144.9 MB	-	18m18s	2m55s	3	1,081,578	111.9 MB
2011-06	comments	854.3 MB	-	22m19s	11m36s	20	9,766,511	816.4 MB
2011-06	submissions	155.2 MB	-	22m30s	-	3	1,153,048	121.0 MB
2011-07	comments	912.7 MB	4m14s	32m23s	7m60s	22	10,557,466	870.1 MB
2011-07	submissions	172.1 MB	1m31s	20.4s	2m49s	3	1,264,991	134.2 MB
2011-08	comments	1.0 GB	6m51s	85m08s	7m46s	25	12,316,144	1012.3 MB
2011-08	submissions	199.9 MB	-	44.2s	1m08s	3	1,448,347	156.5 MB
2011-09	comments	1.0 GB	5m08s	42m25s	7m56s	25	12,150,412	1004.9 MB
2011-09	submissions	204.2 MB	2m13s	1m34s	37.2s	3	1,482,575	160.2 MB
2011-10	comments	1.2 GB	7m17s	48m26s	4m00s	27	13,470,278	1.1 GB
2011-10	submissions	226.9 MB	-	54.4s	1m17s	4	1,590,673	179.1 MB
2011-11	comments	1.2 GB	-	31m10s	2m08s	28	13,621,533	1.1 GB
2011-11	submissions	235.5 MB	2m18s	57.4s	1m06s	4	1,634,431	181.8 MB
2011-12	comments	1.2 GB	8m48s	59m53s	2m23s	30	14,509,469	1.2 GB
2011-12	submissions	252.0 MB	-	2m56s	1m21s	4	1,772,219	194.2 MB
2012-01	comments	1.4 GB	16m44s	38m15s	2m34s	33	16,350,205	1.4 GB
2012-01	submissions	285.4 MB	2m04s	5m37s	2m09s	4	1,981,577	217.7 MB
2012-02	comments	1.4 GB	7m56s	88m17s	6m19s	33	16,015,695	1.3 GB
2012-02	submissions	288.4 MB	1m14s	9m08s	1m10s	4	1,961,817	221.3 MB
2012-03	comments	1.6 GB	2m47s	33m06s	3m58s	36	17,881,943	1.5 GB
2012-03	submissions	315.1 MB	1m51s	14m38s	44.8s	5	2,158,965	240.0 MB
2012-04	comments	1.7 GB	12m02s	82m21s	8m23s	39	19,044,534	1.6 GB
2012-04	submissions	333.9 MB	1m31s	7m36s	1m35s	5	2,279,491	253.9 MB
2012-05	comments	1.8 GB	17m27s	166m35s	9m40s	41	20,388,260	1.7 GB
2012-05	submissions	348.5 MB	1m41s	9m32s	1m22s	5	2,293,901	273.1 MB
2012-06	comments	1.9 GB	17m41s	96m36s	8m49s	44	21,897,913	1.8 GB
2012-06	submissions	365.1 MB	-	8m13s	1m37s	5	2,393,973	285.7 MB
2012-07	comments	2.1 GB	31m15s	190m27s	7m58s	49	24,087,517	2.0 GB
2012-07	submissions	402.5 MB	1m34s	25m03s	1m48s	6	2,663,529	313.2 MB
2012-08	comments	2.2 GB	23m39s	115m40s	13m16s	52	25,703,326	2.1 GB
2012-08	submissions	425.4 MB	1m09s	13m10s	1m26s	6	2,782,752	332.2 MB
2012-09	comments	2.0 GB	25m24s	224m32s	8m21s	47	23,419,524	1.9 GB
2012-09	submissions	419.9 MB	2m48s	11m14s	1m38s	6	2,568,109	305.8 MB
2012-10	comments	2.1 GB	14m24s	117m20s	9m47s	50	24,788,236	2.0 GB
2012-10	submissions	446.3 MB	3m10s	24m04s	1m05s	6	2,776,156	321.5 MB
2012-11	comments	2.1 GB	43m46s	203m55s	28m57s	50	24,648,302	2.0 GB
2012-11	submissions	441.6 MB	4m37s	24m13s	2m12s	6	2,706,118	321.5 MB
2012-12	comments	2.2 GB	-	135m16s	6m37s	53	26,080,276	2.1 GB
2012-12	submissions	444.0 MB	1m17s	13m35s	1m27s	6	2,735,743	324.8 MB
2013-01	comments	2.6 GB	34m20s	246m41s	7m59s	61	30,365,867	2.5 GB
2013-01	submissions	522.7 MB	8m49s	28m60s	2m57s	7	3,134,862	371.4 MB
2013-02	comments	2.4 GB	-	279m03s	10m20s	55	27,213,960	2.2 GB
2013-02	submissions	476.8 MB	3m38s	16m45s	1m13s	6	2,886,631	346.7 MB
2013-03	comments	2.7 GB	14m04s	173m12s	-	62	30,771,274	2.5 GB
2013-03	submissions	534.8 MB	2m12s	19m46s	2m06s	7	3,201,525	392.5 MB
2013-04	comments	2.9 GB	35m31s	303m11s	10m13s	67	33,259,557	2.7 GB
2013-04	submissions	563.0 MB	3m41s	38m37s	3m16s	7	3,376,188	412.2 MB
2013-05	comments	2.9 GB	30m17s	302m19s	9m34s	67	33,126,225	2.7 GB
2013-05	submissions	551.8 MB	5m18s	48m28s	2m29s	7	3,261,976	411.0 MB
2013-06	comments	2.8 GB	28m56s	155m23s	8m08s	66	32,648,247	2.7 GB
2013-06	submissions	550.7 MB	2m44s	23m23s	2m04s	7	3,189,490	413.1 MB
2013-07	comments	3.1 GB	23m32s	341m28s	10m14s	70	34,922,133	2.9 GB
2013-07	submissions	590.7 MB	3m32s	46m19s	3m05s	7	3,374,406	442.8 MB
2013-08	comments	3.1 GB	14m57s	169m56s	12m54s	70	34,766,579	2.9 GB
2013-08	submissions	586.6 MB	1m40s	26m37s	3m26s	7	3,315,090	443.7 MB
2013-09	comments	2.8 GB	18m24s	152m34s	7m57s	64	31,990,369	2.6 GB
2013-09	submissions	561.6 MB	6m10s	50m41s	2m27s	7	3,121,163	416.4 MB
2013-10	comments	3.1 GB	26m34s	317m17s	10m08s	72	35,940,040	2.9 GB
2013-10	submissions	620.1 MB	2m10s	29m42s	2m24s	7	3,467,225	457.2 MB
2013-11	comments	3.2 GB	43m31s	359m50s	15m57s	75	37,396,497	3.0 GB
2013-11	submissions	642.3 MB	8m21s	42m51s	2m12s	8	3,522,378	476.1 MB
2013-12	comments	3.4 GB	47m50s	190m02s	12m43s	80	39,810,216	3.2 GB
2013-12	submissions	-	12m37s	23m54s	1m03s	8	3,801,410	512.7 MB
2014-01	comments	-	37m42s	102m37s	5m46s	85	42,420,655	3.5 GB
2014-01	submissions	-	13m51s	21m45s	58.4s	9	4,145,541	572.4 MB
2014-02	comments	-	22m36s	94m02s	5m21s	78	38,703,362	3.2 GB
2014-02	submissions	-	2m51s	21m23s	1m01s	8	3,946,491	557.1 MB
2014-03	comments	-	33m04s	103m16s	6m18s	85	42,459,956	3.6 GB
2014-03	submissions	-	9m18s	19m14s	49.6s	9	4,209,109	586.7 MB
2014-04	comments	-	12m57s	96m04s	5m07s	85	42,440,735	3.5 GB
2014-04	submissions	-	5m27s	17m56s	56.9s	9	4,115,035	571.6 MB
2014-05	comments	-	15m09s	104m42s	5m39s	86	42,514,094	3.6 GB
2014-05	submissions	-	5m42s	16m24s	44.3s	9	4,162,070	590.8 MB
2014-06	comments	-	7m47s	103m44s	7m38s	84	41,990,650	3.5 GB
2014-06	submissions	-	2m24s	16m42s	51.5s	9	4,092,661	588.8 MB
2014-07	comments	-	33m55s	103m19s	6m37s	94	46,868,899	3.9 GB
2014-07	submissions	-	2m07s	19m47s	51.2s	10	4,502,441	659.5 MB
2014-08	comments	-	7m29s	112m60s	7m06s	94	46,990,813	3.9 GB
2014-08	submissions	-	2m30s	21m14s	1m03s	10	4,596,551	672.6 MB
2014-09	comments	-	12m04s	102m58s	-	90	44,992,201	3.8 GB
2014-09	submissions	-	-	23m54s	1m14s	10	4,567,136	662.5 MB
2014-10	comments	-	31m14s	107m55s	7m44s	95	47,497,520	4.0 GB
2014-10	submissions	-	4m51s	21m41s	1m02s	10	4,831,580	704.9 MB
2014-11	comments	-	6m10s	105m02s	7m55s	93	46,118,074	3.9 GB
2014-11	submissions	-	3m02s	25m10s	1m03s	10	4,735,396	699.8 MB
2017-11	submissions	2.2 GB	8m23s	79m11s	2m55s	21	10,377,379	1.3 GB
2018-01	submissions	2.4 GB	8m56s	94m49s	3m14s	23	11,306,843	1.4 GB
2019-11	submissions	5.5 GB	9m48s	26m01s	5m27s	43	21,243,315	2.2 GB
2023-12	submissions	15.2 GB	30m19s	76m33s	26m24s	79	39,245,797	4.4 GB
2024-01	submissions	16.1 GB	183m48s	126m12s	21m25s	83	41,263,034	4.7 GB
2024-02	submissions	15.2 GB	111m14s	119m06s	23m35s	79	39,030,731	4.4 GB
2024-03	submissions	16.0 GB	65m44s	116m50s	34m36s	84	41,926,097	4.8 GB
2024-04	submissions	17.4 GB	23m13s	25m48s	31m31s	82	40,701,692	4.7 GB
2024-05	submissions	15.3 GB	20m14s	104m42s	29m22s	80	39,877,545	4.7 GB
2024-06	submissions	15.0 GB	32m22s	92m02s	19m44s	77	38,423,968	4.6 GB
2024-07	submissions	15.9 GB	24m49s	116m01s	13m17s	82	40,924,291	4.8 GB
2024-08	submissions	16.2 GB	163m07s	104m37s	70m51s	83	41,477,291	4.9 GB
2024-09	submissions	15.0 GB	33m40s	91m13s	28m16s	78	38,596,941	4.7 GB
2024-10	submissions	15.5 GB	31m32s	100m29s	32m47s	78	38,986,522	4.8 GB
2024-11	submissions	15.1 GB	46m44s	108m24s	33m44s	77	38,022,413	4.7 GB
2024-12	submissions	15.4 GB	25m12s	82m18s	25m24s	77	38,188,278	4.8 GB
2025-01	submissions	16.2 GB	59m52s	73m59s	23m14s	80	39,905,721	5.1 GB
2025-02	submissions	14.8 GB	35m36s	64m07s	14m40s	73	36,173,238	4.7 GB
2025-03	submissions	16.3 GB	56m39s	77m30s	15m47s	80	39,637,989	5.2 GB
2025-04	submissions	16.1 GB	58m07s	79m49s	31m40s	78	38,776,405	5.2 GB
2025-05	submissions	17.2 GB	86m13s	91m27s	47m45s	82	40,563,699	5.4 GB
2025-06	submissions	17.2 GB	45m47s	82m33s	50m14s	81	40,417,850	5.4 GB
2025-07	submissions	17.3 GB	46m29s	82m56s	53m20s	86	42,900,690	5.8 GB
2025-08	submissions	17.5 GB	32m24s	91m24s	29m09s	89	44,170,194	5.8 GB
2025-09	submissions	16.7 GB	35m21s	87m53s	37m53s	85	42,368,178	5.4 GB
2025-10	submissions	17.0 GB	27m11s	79m60s	12m49s	88	43,919,437	5.5 GB
2025-11	submissions	16.7 GB	36m19s	84m30s	13m47s	86	42,567,338	5.3 GB
2025-12	submissions	17.0 GB	33m58s	90m19s	25m17s	86	42,861,083	5.5 GB
2026-01	submissions	18.3 GB	48m04s	98m58s	49m17s	93	46,094,846	5.9 GB
2026-02	submissions	16.6 GB	35m02s	84m21s	17m25s	83	41,434,105	5.3 GB

Query per-month stats directly:

SELECT year, month, type, shards, count, size_bytes
FROM read_csv_auto('hf://datasets/open-index/arctic/stats.csv')
ORDER BY year, month, type;

stats.csv columns:

Column	Description
year, month	Calendar month
type	comments or submissions
shards	Number of Parquet files for this (month, type)
count	Total rows across all shards
size_bytes	Total Parquet size across all shards
zst_bytes	Original .zst source file size (from torrent metadata)
dur_download_s	Seconds to download the .zst source
dur_process_s	Seconds to decompress and convert to Parquet
dur_commit_s	Seconds to commit to Hugging Face
committed_at	ISO 8601 timestamp when this pair was committed

Pipeline Status

Pipelined ingestion running on doge-01 (4 cores, 6 GB RAM, 219 GB free). Auto-updated every ~5 minutes.

Started: 2026-04-01 02:51 UTC / Elapsed: 5h 20m / Committed this session: 5

Active Workers

Stage	Month	Type	Progress
Processing	2014-12	comments	shard 22 · 11.0M rows · 148.7K rows/s

Throughput

Metric	Value
Download	32 Mbps avg
Processing	4.9K rows/s avg
Upload	228.0s per commit avg
ETA	2026-04-11 23:41 UTC

Progress

███████████████░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ 246 / 490 (50.2%)

Metric	This Session
Months committed	5
Rows processed	107.7M
Data committed	9.9 GB

Last update: 2026-04-01 08:10 UTC

Dataset card for Arctic Shift Reddit Archive

Dataset summary

A repackaging of the Arctic Shift monthly Reddit dumps into Parquet. Arctic Shift re-processes the PushShift Reddit archive, which captured most public Reddit content from the early days through the 2023 API changes.

Covers every public subreddit, every month, both comments and submissions. Built for research, analysis, and training. People use it for:

• Language model pretraining and fine-tuning - one of the largest sources of natural conversation on the internet
• Sentiment and trend analysis - two decades of public opinion on just about everything
• Community research - thousands of subreddits, each with its own culture and moderation norms
• Information retrieval - real questions and answers from r/AskReddit, r/explainlikeimfive, and others
• Content moderation research - moderation signals are preserved in the data

Dataset structure

Data instances

Example comment:

{
  "id": "c0001",
  "author": "spez",
  "subreddit": "reddit.com",
  "body": "Welcome to Reddit!",
  "score": 42,
  "created_utc": 1134028003,
  "created_at": "2005-12-08T10:06:43",
  "body_length": 19,
  "link_id": "t3_17",
  "parent_id": "t3_17",
  "distinguished": null,
  "author_flair_text": null
}

Example submission:

{
  "id": "abc123",
  "author": "kn0thing",
  "subreddit": "reddit.com",
  "title": "The Downing Street Memo",
  "selftext": "",
  "score": 15,
  "created_utc": 1118895720,
  "created_at": "2005-06-16T01:02:00",
  "title_length": 23,
  "num_comments": 3,
  "url": "http://www.timesonline.co.uk/...",
  "over_18": false,
  "link_flair_text": null,
  "author_flair_text": null
}

Data fields

Comments (data/comments/YYYY/MM/NNN.parquet)

Column	Type	Description
id	VARCHAR	Reddit's base-36 comment ID
author	VARCHAR	Username. [deleted] if account was removed
subreddit	VARCHAR	Subreddit name (no r/ prefix)
body	VARCHAR	Comment text in Markdown
score	BIGINT	Net upvotes at time of archival
created_utc	BIGINT	Unix timestamp
created_at	TIMESTAMP	Derived from created_utc
body_length	BIGINT	Character count of body
link_id	VARCHAR	Parent submission ID (t3_... format)
parent_id	VARCHAR	Parent comment or submission ID
distinguished	VARCHAR	moderator, admin, or null
author_flair_text	VARCHAR	Author's flair in this subreddit

Submissions (data/submissions/YYYY/MM/NNN.parquet)

Column	Type	Description
id	VARCHAR	Reddit's base-36 submission ID
author	VARCHAR	Username of the poster
subreddit	VARCHAR	Subreddit name
title	VARCHAR	Post title
selftext	VARCHAR	Post body for text posts (empty for link posts)
score	BIGINT	Net upvotes at time of archival
created_utc	BIGINT	Unix timestamp
created_at	TIMESTAMP	Derived from created_utc
title_length	BIGINT	Character count of title
num_comments	BIGINT	Comment count on this post
url	VARCHAR	External URL for link posts, permalink for text posts
over_18	BOOLEAN	NSFW flag
link_flair_text	VARCHAR	Post flair text
author_flair_text	VARCHAR	Author's flair

Data splits

Two named configs: comments and submissions. Each loads all monthly shards as a single train split.

You can also load specific years or months with data_files:

# Load just January 2020 comments
ds = load_dataset("open-index/arctic", data_files="data/comments/2020/01/*.parquet", split="train")

# Load all 2023 submissions
ds = load_dataset("open-index/arctic", data_files="data/submissions/2023/**/*.parquet", split="train")

Dataset creation

Why we built this

Reddit is one of the best sources of real human conversation on the internet, but getting at the full archive got a lot harder after Reddit locked down API access in 2023. The Arctic Shift project preserves the data as monthly .zst JSONL dumps. We convert those dumps to Parquet on Hugging Face so you can query with DuckDB, stream with datasets, or bulk download without any special tooling.

Source data

Everything comes from Arctic Shift torrent archives, which re-process the PushShift Reddit dumps. Source format is .zst-compressed JSONL, one JSON object per line.

• 2005-12 through 2023-12: From the Arctic Shift bundle torrent
• 2024-01 onward: Individual monthly torrents from Arctic Shift

Processing steps

The pipeline is written in Go and uses DuckDB for the Parquet conversion. For each (month, type) pair:

1. Download the .zst via BitTorrent with selective file priority (only the needed file from the bundle, not the whole archive)
2. Stream through a klauspost/compress zstd decoder with a 2 GB window
3. Chunk the JSONL into ~2 million line batches, writing each to a temp file
4. Convert each chunk to Parquet with DuckDB read_json_auto, explicit column selection, TRY_CAST, Zstandard compression, 131K-row row groups
5. Delete each temp chunk right after the shard is written (disk is tight)
6. Commit all shards plus updated stats.csv and README.md to Hugging Face
7. Clean up local shards after the commit goes through

The pipeline picks up where it left off - stats.csv tracks what has been committed, and those pairs get skipped on restart. Disk usage stays minimal: at most one .zst, one JSONL chunk, and the current month's shards on disk at a time.

No filtering, deduplication, or content changes. The data matches the Arctic Shift dumps exactly. All Parquet files use Zstandard compression.

Personal and sensitive information

Usernames and user-generated text are included as they appeared publicly on Reddit. Deleted accounts show as [deleted], deleted content as [removed].

No PII scrubbing has been done. At this scale, the dataset almost certainly contains personal information that people posted publicly. If you find something that should be removed, open a discussion on the Community tab.

Considerations for using the data

Social impact

Making the full Reddit archive accessible in a standard format should help researchers study how online communities work, how language changes over time, and how one of the internet's biggest platforms has shaped public discourse.

Biases

Reddit skews young, male, English-speaking, and North American/European. Subreddits vary wildly in culture, moderation, and toxicity. The voting system amplifies what each community already agrees with.

We did not filter, score, or assess the data in any way. Controversial, toxic, and NSFW content is all in there. Apply your own filtering for your use case.

Known limitations

• Completeness depends on PushShift. PushShift missed some content, especially in the earliest months and during ingestion outages.
• Scores are snapshots. The score field is whatever PushShift captured at the time, not the final score.
• Deleted content. Posts deleted before PushShift got to them are gone. Posts deleted after capture may still have the original text.
• No user profiles. Just posts and comments. No karma, no account metadata.
• Markdown and HTML. Comment bodies use Reddit's Markdown variant. Some old content has raw HTML.

Additional information

Licensing

Reddit content is subject to Reddit's Terms of Service. Arctic Shift distributes the archive under permissive research terms. This repackaging is provided as-is for research and education.

Not affiliated with or endorsed by Reddit, Inc. or Arctic Shift.

Thanks

All the data here comes from Arctic Shift, which preserves and distributes the PushShift Reddit archive through Academic Torrents. None of this would be practical without their work.

Contact

Questions, feedback, or issues - open a discussion on the Community tab.

Last updated: 2026-04-01 08:11 UTC